當前位置:
當前世界各國城市發展呈現（空間擴張）規模化、（資源與經濟活動）聚集化、以及（人口）高密度化的特征，城市道路作為物質、信息交換的載體在城市運營過程中發揮著越來越重要的保障作用。然而，隨著路網密度的不斷加大，城市道路運營過程對周邊環境、資源與生物的影響日益加劇。主要表現在：機動車運行噪聲影響沿線居民生活質量，形成噪聲污染；道路本身高吸熱效應加劇了城市熱島效應，造成熱污染；機動車尾氣排放造成路域空氣污染等。如何消減上述污染，降低后續處置增加的碳排放，提高資源利用效率，是當今城市化可持續發展進程中迫切解決的難題。
錢國平教授帶領團隊金嬌、于華南、龔湘兵、蔡軍、周洪宇、馬躍潭、徐鵬、李希、趙為天、吳佳東等老師，聯合交通運輸部科學研究院等多家單位，基于可持續發展理念，結合交通發展和環境保護共性需求，開展城市道路聲-熱-氣環境改善技術及應用示范研究。
團隊深入貫徹落實“交通強國”、“一帶一路”等國家戰略以及新發展理念，經過20多年的攻關，取得了豐碩的成果，顯著推進了行業科技進步，并為路域環境保護提供中國范式。
Advanced Technologies and Demenstration for Improving Urban Road Noise-Heat-Air Environment
The spatial expansion, resources agglomeration and economy activities, as well as high population density are the main characteristics for urban development. As carriers of material and information exchange, urban roads play an increasingly important role in urban operations. However, with the increasing mileage and road network density, the environmental, resource, and ecological impacts of road construction and operation are escalating. The main manifestations are: the vehicle noise affects the life qualities of residents along roadways, resulting in noise pollution, the road absorbs the sunlight and exaggerates the urban heat island effect, leading to heat radiation, while vehicle emission causes air pollution in road area. Hence, solving the above pollution, reducing increased carbon emissions from subsequent disposal, and increasing resource utilization efficiency are urgent challenges in global sustainable development.
In order to integrate the common needs of transportation development and environmental protection, the project team has conducted research on the low-carbon design and application technology of functional pavement materials since 2008 with funding of major scientific research projects and key engineering projects.
(1) Investigated the sound propagation and energy dissipation mechanisms of tire-road interactions under the coupling effects of multiple environmental media and developed a broadband sound absorption and targeted energy dissipation technology for comprehensive roadside noise reduction, resulting in integrated mitigation strategies for different noise control requirements. (2) Developed a heat-insulating and cooling functional layer for asphalt road surfaces and its combined design methods, revealing the composite system/interface properties, energy transfer and conversion mechanisms of asphalt mixtures; and invented a temperature-adjusting functional road surface design method and effect detection technology, which effectively alleviated thermal effects of the road surface temperature field and achieved comprehensive temperature control of road surfaces. (3) Established a comprehensive treatment technology for vehicle emission by using adsorption-degradation coordination and solved multi-source pollution problems for road near-surface, achieving the efficient and comprehensive treatment for emissions under complex urban road application scenarios.
The results of the project have been successfully applied in more than 30 highways and urban road projects in ecological environment restoration areas and environmental protection areas in many countries, providing a typical paradigm for the development of green and low-carbon highways around the world. The project has authorized 56 invention patents, 20utility model patents, 13 software copyrights and edited 10 various standards .
The research result of this project significantly improved the road environment along the route, extended the service life of the highway, significantly reduced carbon emissions, realized efficient use of resources, providing theoretical and technological support for international green and sustainable development.
Figure 1 Low Noise Pavement
Figure 2 Cooling Pavement
Figure 3 Green Functional Pavement
